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Zoology

Zoology - a science about animals - the part of biology studying variety of fauna, a structure and vital functions of animals, their distribution, communication with an inhabitancy, regularity individual and historical development.

The zoology is associated with industrial activity of the person, with development, reconstruction and protection of fauna of the Earth.
Under research problems the zoology breaks up to a number of the basic disciplines.

Taxonomy of animals has for an object the description of variety of kinds, their ordering to similarity and distinction signs, a hierarchy establishment taxons, construction of the natural system displaying ways of historical development of fauna.

The morphology of animals investigates an external and internal structure of animals (their anatomy). The comparative and evolutionary morphology compares a structure of animal different regular groups, establishing regularity of their historical development.

The phylogenetics studies ways of evolution of fauna.

Embryology animals - their individual development (ontogenesis).

Ecology of animals - their mutual relations among themselves and with other organisms, and also inorganic factors of an inhabitancy.

Ethology - behaviour of animals in the comparative and evolutionary plan.

The zoogeography - section of zoology and physical geography, investigates allocation of animals to a land and in water, and also the factors defining this distribution.

Paleozoology studies the died out animal former geological epoch; It is closely connected with phylogenetics and evolutionary morphology.

The animal physiology which has historically arisen as one of branches of zoology, developed in the independent biological science studying functions of an animal organism.

On objects of research zoology subdivide into a number of the subordinated disciplines: protozoology - a science about monocelled animals, helminthology - about parasitic worms, malacology- about molluscs, carcinology - about Crustacea, arachnology - about Arachnida, acarology- about pincers, entomology - about insects, ichthyology - about fishes and fish-shaped, herpetology - about amphibious and reptiles, ornithology - about birds, mammalogy - a science about mammals, etc.
The zoology uses various methods of research, the general for many biological disciplines.

The zoology is closely connected with other biological sciences, and also with medicine and veterinary science. Some sections of zoology enter as a component into such complex disciplines, as parasitology, hydrobiology and others.
So, for example, for medical and veterinary high profile has studying of animals - parasites of the person, house and useful animals and animals - carriers of pathogen.

Zoological researches underlie the organisation of actions for struggle against animals - wreckers farming and a forestry.
Many invertebrate - some molluscs, Crustacea, insects (the bee, a silkworm, etc.) are used by the person as a source of foodstuff and as raw materials for the technical purposes. Ekologo-zoological researches underlie measures on reproduction of fish stocks, on regulation of number of objects of the hunting economy, acclimatisation of useful animals.